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The issue of “face” in cross-cultural contact, especially concerning Chinese and Westerners, has long been a fascinating topic, attracting attention from various academic fields. For Westerners, the term “face” seems to have many meanings common to both English and Chinese. For the Chinese, however, the components underpinning the practice of “face” in Chinese culture are so intricate that they can probably never be thoroughly understood by foreigners. Where is the rub?
While most approaches to the issue have emphasized the linguistic aspects of the enactment of “face”, the socio-cultural dimension of “face” has been ignored to a certain extent. Some studies suggest that we must understand the basic conceptualization of face before we can understand how face is enacted and invoked in different cross-cultural interpersonal settings (Penman, 1994). The problem is, however, not a mere linguistic one; even though there are identical or similar terms linguistically, such as “face losing”, “face saving”, “face giving” in relation to a person’s reputation, dignity, prestige and so on, the underlying implications and the ways of achieving them are still different. Therefore, issues related to face culture may always be more complex and profound than Westerners have previously thought. (To be continued) |
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