ITER最终设计报告

qinsdau

1 Introduction ___________________________________________________________5
1.1 Preface _________________________________________________________________ 5
1.2 Evolution of the ITER Design ______________________________________________ 8
1.3 Guidelines and Objectives ________________________________________________ 10
1.4 Modeling of Design Alternatives ___________________________________________ 10
1.5 Convergence to an Outline Design__________________________________________ 11
1.6 Conclusion _____________________________________________________________ 12
2 Design Overview_______________________________________________________13
2.1 Design_________________________________________________________________ 13
2.2 Operation Scenarios and Phases ___________________________________________ 21
3 Plasma Performance ___________________________________________________24
3.1 ITER Plasma Current and Size ____________________________________________ 24
3.2 Plasma Confinement Extrapolation_________________________________________ 25
3.3 H-mode Pedestal and ELMs_______________________________________________ 26
3.4 Internal Confinement Barrier _____________________________________________ 26
3.5 Non-axisymmetric Perturbations, Islands, and β limits _________________________ 26
3.6 Divertor and Power Exhaust ______________________________________________ 27
3.7 Plasma performance _____________________________________________________ 28
4 Functional Role of Systems ______________________________________________31
4.1 Magnets _______________________________________________________________ 31
4.1.1 Toroidal Field Coils ___________________________________________________________ 31
4.1.2 Poloidal Field Coils ___________________________________________________________ 33
4.1.3 Error Field Correction Coils _____________________________________________________ 34
4.1.4 Superconducting Coil Protection _________________________________________________ 34
4.1.5 Superconducting Coil Cryogenic Cooling___________________________________________ 35
4.2 Vessel and In-vessel Systems ______________________________________________ 35
4.2.1 Neutron Shielding_____________________________________________________________ 35
4.2.2 Blanket Modules______________________________________________________________ 36
4.2.3 Blanket maintenance___________________________________________________________ 37
4.2.4 Divertor ____________________________________________________________________ 37
4.2.5 In-vessel Component Water Cooling ______________________________________________ 38
4.2.6 Cryogenic Pumps _____________________________________________________________ 38
4.2.7 Vacuum Vessel_______________________________________________________________ 39
4.2.8 Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System _______________________________________ 39
4.3 Mechanical Loads and Machine Supports/Attachments ________________________ 39
4.3.1 Seismic Loads________________________________________________________________ 40
4.3.2 Electromagnetic loads__________________________________________________________ 41
4.4 Fuel Cycle _____________________________________________________________ 41
4.5 Tokamak Building_______________________________________________________ 43
4.6 ITER Plant Operation and Control _________________________________________ 44
5 R&D Overview ________________________________________________________48
5.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________ 48
5.2 CS  Model Coil and TF Model Coil _________________________________________ 49
5.3 Vacuum Vessel Sector____________________________________________________ 51
5.4 Blanket Module _________________________________________________________ 51
5.5 Divertor Cassette________________________________________________________ 51
5.6 Blanket and Divertor Remote Handling Systems ______________________________ 52
5.7 Other R&D ____________________________________________________________ 54
6 Safety and Environmental Assessment _____________________________________56
6.1 Objectives and Approach _________________________________________________ 56
6.2 Environmental Impact ___________________________________________________ 56
6.3 Waste and Decommissioning ______________________________________________ 57
6.4 Worker Safety __________________________________________________________ 57
6.5 Safety Analysis _________________________________________________________ 58
6.6 No evacuation objective __________________________________________________ 61
6.7 Safety assessment conclusions _____________________________________________ 61
7 Quality Assurance Program______________________________________________62
8 Construction, Commissioning and Decommissioning Plans ____________________63
8.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________ 63
8.2 Overall and Summary Schedule____________________________________________ 63
8.3 Construction and Procurements ___________________________________________ 64
8.3.1 Procurement Assumptions ______________________________________________________ 64
8.3.2 Buildings and License to Construct _______________________________________________ 65
8.3.3 Procurement of Long Lead-Time Items ____________________________________________ 65
8.4 Tokamak Assembly______________________________________________________ 66
8.5 Commissioning Plan _____________________________________________________ 66
8.5.1 Individual Sub-System Test _____________________________________________________ 66
8.5.2 Integrated Commissioning up to the First Plasma Discharge ____________________________ 67
8.5.3 Commissioning after First Plasma ________________________________________________ 67
8.6 Decommissioning Plan ___________________________________________________ 67
9 Cost Estimates_________________________________________________________69
9.1 Resources Required for ITER Construction__________________________________ 69
9.1.1 Cost Estimating Approach for ITER Construction ____________________________________ 69
9.1.2 Basic Data — Procurement Packages for Cost Estimation ______________________________ 69
9.1.3 Evaluation of Cost Estimates ____________________________________________________ 70
9.1.4 Cost Estimates Summary _______________________________________________________ 71
9.2 Cash flow for the direct capital cost_________________________________________ 72
9.3 Construction Management and Engineering Support __________________________ 74
9.3.1 Assumptions _________________________________________________________________ 74
9.3.2 Estimated Personnel Cost During Construction ______________________________________ 74
9.3.3 Possible R&D Cost During Construction ___________________________________________ 75
9.4 Resources for ITER Operation ____________________________________________ 76
9.4.1 Project Manpower Costs________________________________________________________ 76
9.4.2 Energy Costs_________________________________________________________________ 76
9.4.3 Fuel Costs___________________________________________________________________ 77
9.4.4 Capital Improvement, Spare Parts, Maintenance Costs_________________________________ 77
9.4.5 Conclusion:  Average Annual Operation Costs_______________________________________ 78
9.5 Decommissioning Costs __________________________________________________ 78
9.6 Summary ______________________________________________________________ 79
10 Conclusions_________________________________________________________80

[ 本帖最后由 qinsdau 于 2009-1-12 14:19 编辑 ]

hulihutu

楼主伟大，有这么好的资料，谢谢，