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发表于 2008-4-16 21:18:59
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Fuzzy is one of the basic characteristics of language is a universal phenomenon. Fuzzy is the basic feature of the real world and conventional phenomenon, as an objective reflection of the real world with the language will inevitably fuzzy features. At the same time, the strategy for language considerations, and people are often deliberately vague using semantic word to adapt to different communication needs. In addition, once a fuzzy look at the perspective of aesthetics, it will have a unique aesthetic value. British scholars IA Richard in the "rhetorical philosophy", said: "The old rhetoric in the language that ambiguity is a mistake, want to limit it to eliminate it; new rhetorical language that it is the inevitable result of forces It is our most important discourse essential way. "(Maoronggui" translation aesthetics ": 229) In fact, the language is the language of fuzzy flexible performance. Uncertainty and ambiguity in the language of dialectical unity essential to the two aspects.
2. Language fuzzy language function and the causes
Fuzzy language has generally have the following reasons: description of the object itself border with uncertainty; language of the limited nature of symbol system; description of the object itself can not do that; special purpose of the communication needs of different social roles of language their understanding of the difference.
On the terms of their language function, the role of the fuzzy language mainly in the following areas: enhanced language of flexibility, expanding the capacity of language to express the information and broaden the language of the imagination, in the language of a special effect, in particular to enhance the aesthetic value of literature. As Kant said: "vague concept of the concept more clear than expressive.…… Fuzzy able to generate intellectual and rational activities.…… The United States should be Unspeakable things. We are not always able to language of the things we want. "(Wu Tieping" fuzzy linguistics ": 44)
Fuzzy language special expressions to convey his ideas in the role of literature in the most outstanding performance. Language is a literary material and material, a writer to convey the image of literary material means. Literary language is the language of art, and its main form of expression is its aesthetic characteristics and aesthetic effect that it can bring to the readers appreciate the beauty and aesthetic experience. Among them, images, feelings, moods and styles, as well as the literary works of temperament, all of which have unpredictable, not quantitative fuzzy, and many works by writers on the art of a deal with the results created.
At the same time should also pay attention to: fuzzy different from the vague. Vague language usually refers to the speaker of the lack of capacity or ability to control the situation from language deficiencies, resulting in the statement and ambiguous, words and disorderly. This phenomenon obviously vulgar language and the language can not be the senior art forms - Fuzzy - par.
3. Both Chinese and English language fuzzy features
English and Chinese have their own fuzzy, but two manifestations of different categories. French Sinologist Granet evaluation Chinese have said: "The Chinese people by the language used to describe a particular manufacturing, not for the classification made. Then a can express personal feelings, or for the poet Huajian School home designed by the language , not to define or determine the language and design. "(Maoronggui" translation aesthetics ": 232)
Mr. Wu Tieping "Fuzzy Linguistics"堪称China, the foundation of fuzzy linguistics for. However, national scholar of the fuzzy language study is limited to vague language itself, and very few of them involve the concept of translation problems, which the fuzzy language translation problems are still many problems yet to explore.
Fuzzy language is an objective attribute, compared to precise language, it is more suggestive, subtle, creative, artistic characteristics, and so they have a higher aesthetic value. Fuzzy attributed to the Chinese people's pursuit of beauty, and its national character and psychological. But implicit preference is not our patent, the outgoing national character Westerners, we can not rule vague and implicit.
Because of its unique Chinese Fuzzy United States, in Chinese and English, fuzzy weaken or even disappear in the United States and literary works translated into a big regret. Because of language barriers and different cultural and historical similarities and differences between the original translator often only enjoy the beauty of the art. How to retain, compensate for Chinese-English translation process of the loss of a fuzzy US is particularly concerned about the translator and thought.
Specifically, Chinese expression on the overall sense, is a mood of poetic language, emphasizing Italian desired, the letter does not pursue the logic of greater flexibility arbitrary; English syntax stringent, rigorous logic, is a more accurate scientific language , a stress-shape, the pursuit of the logic of the letter, less arbitrary than Chinese.
4. English and Chinese literature in translation ambiguous language processing
Chinese literary works in the English translation of loyalty, Chinese fuzzy expression mainly in the following several forms and the corresponding translation approach. Generally speaking, Chinese translations into English, the language of fuzzy There are two main approaches: Fuzzy Fuzzy translation; fuzzy accurate translation. Chinese take into account the artistic ambiguous language in the translation inevitably be eroded, the remedy is, in principle, give full play to English-language features, in violation of the original intent not on the basis of the translator and give full play to subjective initiative and creativity of the English Language material permutations and combinations, the advantages of using English to make up for the lack of Chinese art.
4.1 fuzzy words
Such as Chinese characters in the Permian Music: Music Permian Chinese characters, the sound not only the United States, Italy and the United States, the United States and Italy on the fuzzy language in the United States, the United States will allow readers to take the hint appreciate intoxicated, was unable to its logical analysis and precision . If Chuchu, Yiyi, slowly, Pianpian, Yingying, etc.. Such cases are usually find significance similar to the English word instead. In addition, the 4th Chinese idioms also has considerable ambiguity. Such as: a materialistic society full a life of luxury and dissipation; Seasky to talk at random; Dafaleiting to blow one's top
Again, "Fortress Besieged" the beginning of a paragraph:
The Red Sea had long since been crossed, and the ship was noe on its way over the Indian Ocean; but as always the sin mercilessly rose early and set late, encroaching upon the better part of the night. The night, like paper soaked in oil, had become translucent. Locked in the embrace of the sun, the night's own form was indiscernible. Perhaps it had become intoxicated by the sun, which would explain why the night sky reminded flushed long after the gradual fading of the rosy sunset . By the time the ruddiness dissipated and the night itself awoke from its stupor, and the passengers in their cabins had awakened, glistening with sweat; after bathing, they hurried out on deck to catch the ocean breeze. Another day had begun. It was toward the end of July, equivalent to the "san-fu" period of the lunar calendar-the hottest days of the year. In China the heat was even more oppressive than usual. Later everyone agreed the unusual heat was a portent of troops and arms , for it was the twenty-sixth year of the Republic (1937).
"Red Peter Consumers drunk," is the Chinese art of ambiguity are strong words, translated into English is the passengers in their cabins had awakened, the details of the details of the original, clear concise expression. It is regrettable that the loss of the original conception. Also behind the "Bingge signs," translated into a portent of troops and arms. This is the ambiguous language of the specific approach.
4.2 syntactic ambiguity
As we all know, Chinese grammar structure is relatively loose, free, strong flexibility than English. This also showed that the Chinese one is a humanized, and the language of art. However, in the process of translation, syntax, grammatical ingredient of uncertainty in the use of relatively precise English, science, the language expressed by the close. Take into account the literary artistry, the erosion of the fuzzy language with the United States should be used as much as possible the characteristics of English demonstrated by the way. Below conjunction with the "siege" of examples to illustrate this.
Her brother looking up to the Hongjian, a very polite to handle: "Jiuyang! Jiuyang!" Hongjian to heart, bad! Bad! Even if this presentation on behalf of her family by the examination and approval to do alternate son-in-law! At the same time surprised her brother said, "Jiuyang" Suxiaojie former associate is often talked about her own family, and some happy.
After sizing him for a moment, her brother warmly shook hands with him and said, "I've heard about you for a long time." Hell! Thought Fang Hung-chien. An introduction like that may as well be her family representation ' s official approval of me as candidate for son-in-law! At the same time he wondered why her brother had said, "I've heard you for a long time." She must have often mentioned him to her family, a fact which rather pleases him. (P56)
Chinese is not as strict grammatical structure, and composition of the sentence is often omitted, but in the translation into English, the ingredients omitted to add a timely manner, which can make up for Chinese syntactic ambiguity in Chinese-English translation of the missing.
Fuzzy 4.3 Mood:
Chinese expression was used for fuzzy sketch lyric or express special context of the delicate emotions. In English and the use of the fuzzy language for communication is more graceful or wording of the social purpose of the delicate political purposes.
The fuzzy mood in the United States in the translation of poetry the most obvious, this translator needs a higher artistic standard in English and strong ability to control the situation. At the same time in the novel, this fuzzy mood is everywhere.
Novels such as "Besieged City" at the end of the part:
The old ancestral clock began chiming away as though it had stored up half a day's time to ring it out carefully in the still of the night, counting, "One, two, three, four, five, six." It was six o 'clock five hours ago. At that time Hung-chien was on his way home, intending to treat Jou-chia nicely and request her not to stir up any more unpleasantness between them over the incident of the day before. At that time Jou - chia was at home waiting for Hung-chien to come home for dinner, hoping he would make up with her aunt and go to work in her factory. The irony and disappointment of men unintentionally contained in this out-of-date timepiece went deeper than any language, than any tears or laughter.
Especially the last sentence, "This time the backward time machine inadvertently life includes irony and pathos, deep in all languages, all Sadness." At the end of this sentence, contains a wealth of content, which I suspect it will inevitably produce literature and art of ambiguity. We can deal with the translation: "The irony and disappointment of men unintentionally contained in this out-of-date timepiece went deeper than any language, than any tears or laughter." Translation is basically a literal way, but also read the literary arts Vagueness of the aesthetic beauty can be translated basic reservations.
Fuzzy 4.4 Communication
As communication needs, so some inconvenience, but rather to adopt a more tactful expression. This ambiguity is also in the translation in accordance with specific circumstances, and sometimes fuzzy reservations, and sometimes their specific.
"I still remember that time Ch'u Shen-ming or Miss Su said something about a 'fortress besieged'. Lately, I've been having that feeling about everything in life. For instance, I really wanted to go to San Lu University , so I accepted the appointment. But lately the more I think about it the less interest I have in it. Now I really hate myself for not having the guts to turn around and return to Shanghai on the same boat. After my last fiasco with Miss T'ang, I don't know when I'll ever get married. But I think if you'd married Miss Su, you'd know when I'll ever get anything special. Remember the old saying that a dong loses the juicy bone in its mouth when it goes after the reflection of the bone in the water? When your dream comes true and you marry your sweetheart, it's as though the bone has entered your stomach and you then pine for the never-to - be-seen-again reflection in the water. "
To cite just one example. "I am After this time," is a fuzzy language of communication, because the player does not want to Hongjian direct reference to the failure of their own feelings experienced setbacks, Chinese readers can easily identify the fuzzy language behind the specific content. In translation, the translator to the content of specific, After my last fiasco with Miss T'ang, asked readers to bring order to avoid ambiguity.
5. CONCLUSION
Chinese high Thus, the Semantic left blank, the syntactic ambiguity, which is China's literary and artistic pursuit of a Vacant realm. Fuzzy not only create art with the law, and will give viewers and readers leave sufficient room for imagination. The Chinese-English bilingual inherent characteristics of the different literary works in Chinese-English translation, Chinese ambiguous language of the United States abrasion become the aesthetic problems plagued the translator. Through the above analysis, for example, proved that through technical means to carry out its aesthetic eroded the need to make up for, so as to achieve translation function and aesthetics of the original, which, in essence, increase the level of the translation of literary works.
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发表于 2008-4-16 21:18:30
