钢铁知识大全

czjun

钢铁知识大全
目录
第一节.钢材机械性能介绍.................................................................................4
一 .屈服点（σs）......................................................................................4
二 .屈服强度（σ0.2）...............................................................................4
三 .抗拉强度（σb）..................................................................................4
四 .伸长率（δs）.......................................................................................4
五 .屈强比（σs/σb）.................................................................................4
六 .硬度......................................................................................................4
1. 布氏硬度（HB）.............................................................................4
2. 洛氏硬度（HR）.............................................................................5
3. 维氏硬度（HV）.............................................................................5
七 .强度......................................................................................................5
八 .刚度......................................................................................................5
第二节.钢的分类...................................................................................................6
一 .黑色金属和有色金属..........................................................................6
1. .黑色金属..........................................................................................6
2. .有色金属..........................................................................................6
二 .钢的分类..............................................................................................6
1. 按品质分类.......................................................................................6
2. 按化学成份分类...............................................................................6
3. 按成形方法分类：...........................................................................6
4. 按金相组织分类...............................................................................7
5. 按用途分类.......................................................................................7
6. 综合分类...........................................................................................7
7. 按冶炼方法分类...............................................................................7
第三节.我国钢号表示方法...................................................................................8
一 .我国钢号表示方法概述......................................................................8
二 .我国钢号表示方法的分类说明..........................................................8
1. 碳素结构钢和低合金高强度结构牌号表示方法...........................8
2. 优质碳素结构钢和优质碳素弹簧钢牌号表示方法.......................9
3. 合金结构钢和合金弹簧钢牌号表示方法.......................................9
4. 易切削钢牌号表示方法...................................................................9
5. 非调质机械结构钢牌号表示方法.................................................10
6. 工具钢牌号表示方法.....................................................................10
7. 塑料模具钢牌号表示方法.............................................................10
8. 轴承钢牌号表示方法.....................................................................10
9. 不锈钢和耐热钢的牌号表示方法.................................................11
10. 焊接用钢牌号表示方法...............................................................11
11. 电工用硅钢...................................................................................11
第四节.钢材的生产工艺.....................................................................................13
一 .碳素钢的定义及钢中五元素............................................................13
二 .钢铁是怎样炼成的............................................................................13
三 .转炉炼钢简介....................................................................................13
四 .初轧....................................................................................................13
五 .热连轧................................................................................................13
六 .冷连轧................................................................................................14
七 钢的力学性能.....................................................................................14
1. 强度.................................................................................................14
2. 比例极限.........................................................................................14
3. 弹性极限.........................................................................................14
4. 抗拉强度.........................................................................................14
5. 屈强比.............................................................................................15
6. 塑性.................................................................................................15
八 .冲击韧性............................................................................................15
九 .硬度试验............................................................................................15
十 .宝钢企业标准（Q/BQB）................................................................15
第五节.冷扎钢与热扎钢.....................................................................................16
一 .热轧....................................................................................................16
1. 厚度.................................................................................................16
2. 宽度.................................................................................................16
3. 牌号.................................................................................................16
4. 卷重.................................................................................................16
5. 生产能力.........................................................................................16
6. 产品质量及价格.............................................................................16
二 .冷轧....................................................................................................17
1. 厚度.................................................................................................17
2. 宽度.................................................................................................17
3. 牌号.................................................................................................17
4. 使用现状.........................................................................................17
5. 产品质量.........................................................................................17
第六节.不锈钢的有关实用知识.........................................................................18
一 .不`锈钢热轧钢板...............................................................................18
1. 奥氏体型钢.....................................................................................18
2. 奥氏体——铁素体型钢.................................................................18
3. 铁素体型钢.....................................................................................18
4. 马氏体型钢.....................................................................................18
5. 沉淀硬化型钢.................................................................................18
二 .不锈钢冷轧钢板................................................................................18
1. 奥氏体型钢.....................................................................................18
2. 奥氏体——铁素体型钢.................................................................18
3. 铁素体型钢.....................................................................................19
4. 马氏体型钢.....................................................................................19
5. 沉淀硬化型钢：同热轧部分.........................................................19
三 .铁素体.奥氏体.马氏体简介..............................................................19
四 .我国和日本常用不锈钢钢号的近似对照........................................19
1. 对照表：.........................................................................................19
2. 牌号后掇.........................................................................................20
第七节.钢管的定义和分类.................................................................................21
一 钢管的定义和分类（一）.................................................................21
二 钢管的定义和分类（二）.................................................................21
三 钢管的定义和分类（三）.................................................................22
附录.常用金属密度表.........................................................................................24

[ 本帖最后由 czjun 于 2008-12-4 17:45 编辑 ]